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Home » Class 10 » Life processes » Heart

Heart

Last Updated on July 3, 2023 By Mrs Shilpi Nagpal

Question 1 Name the largest artery in our body?

Question 2 What is the meaning of double circulation?

Question 3 Explain the double circulation of blood in human heart?

Question 4 Describe the structure and function of human heart?

Question 5 What is cardiac cycle?

Question 6 Define the term systole?

Question 7 Define the term diastole?

Question 8 What is blood pressure?

Question 9 Name the instrument used to measure blood pressure?

Question 10 Define systolic pressure?

Question 11 Define diastolic pressure?

Heart

Heart

 

(1) It is a muscular organ, big as our fist, reddish brown in colour, situated between the 2 lungs in middle of thoracic cavity, surrounded by 2 layered sac.

(2) It has different chambers to prevent the oxygen rich blood from mixing with blood containing carbon dioxide.

(3) Heart is divided by septa into 2 halves i.e. the right and left. Each half consist of 2 chambers: upper atrium and lower ventricle. Thus heart has 4 chambers: Right atrium, left atrium, right ventricle, left ventricle.

(4) There are valves between left atrium and left ventricle and between right ventricle. These valves provide one-way passage and prevent return of blood.

(5) The valves of heart are made up of cardiac muscles.

 Double circulation

The sequence of events which take place during the completion of one heart beat is called cardiac cycle.

It involves repeated rhythmic contraction and relaxation of heart muscles.

Contraction is called systole

Relaxation is called diastole.

 

(1) Oxygen rich blood from the lungs enter the left atrium. The left atrium relaxes when it is collecting the blood. Then it contracts while next chamber i.e. left ventricle expands so that blood is transferred to it.

(2) From left atrium the blood is transferred to left ventricle through bicuspid valve. From the left ventricle the blood is pumped to various parts of body through aorta(largest artery).Oxygenated blood from lungs enters the left atrium through pulmonary veins.

(3) The de-oxygenated blood from various parts of the body is poured into right atrium through large veins called vena cava.

(4) As the right atrium contracts, the corresponding right ventricle expands and blood through tricuspid valve gets collected. It then pumps it to the lungs for oxygenation by pulmonary arteries. In the lungs this blood become oxygenated and return to the heart by pulmonary veins.

The blood circulation in human heart is Double Circulation. This means that blood p asses through heart twice. One circulation involves entry of blood from all body parts to heart. This blood is deoxygenated which goes to lungs for oxygenation. The second circulation involves entry of oxygenated blood from lungs to heart and then to all body parts.

The force that blood exerts against the walls of a vessel is called Blood pressure.

It is measured by Sphymamometer.

The pressure of blood inside artery during ventricular contraction is called Systolic pressure.

The pressure of blood inside artery during ventricular relaxation is called Diastolic pressure.

It is 120mm of Hg /80mm of Hg

Filed Under: Class 10, Life processes Tagged With: aorta, blood pressure, cardiac cycle, diastole, diastolic pressure, double circulation, heart, left atrium, left ventricle, lower ventricle, right atrium, right ventricle, sphymamometer, systole, systolic pressure, upper atrium, vena cava

About Mrs Shilpi Nagpal

Author of this website, Mrs. Shilpi Nagpal is MSc (Hons, Chemistry) and BSc (Hons, Chemistry) from Delhi University, B.Ed. (I. P. University) and has many years of experience in teaching. She has started this educational website with the mindset of spreading free education to everyone.

Reader Interactions

Comments

  1. Kratika somu says

    August 21, 2016 at 4:36 pm

    Good way to learn.

  2. Anjani says

    July 21, 2018 at 8:00 pm

    Nice

  3. Var says

    February 3, 2019 at 7:14 pm

    Thaks alot

  4. ajay malik says

    February 7, 2019 at 6:29 am

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  5. Aditya says

    February 22, 2019 at 6:03 am

    You are great

  6. fathima resha says

    November 16, 2019 at 3:43 pm

    my textbook explanation is too hard to study .but i found this so easy and relaxing.i was so tensed how to learn the defenition . now i found the good site to learn it ..thanks a lot …….

  7. Tejendra parmar says

    May 15, 2020 at 2:08 pm

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    May 16, 2020 at 8:43 pm

    Thanks full for your ideas ☺️

  9. Barsha Baishali Nayak says

    June 23, 2020 at 8:45 pm

    Its really a very simple explanation of heart or the circulation in human body.Thank you for this awesome note.

  10. mgggjjg says

    July 10, 2020 at 4:45 pm

    Good….Helpful….

  11. Harsha vinodhini says

    July 15, 2020 at 5:08 pm

    Easy way to understand
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  12. Rose mariya shaiju says

    August 19, 2020 at 4:58 pm

    Thanks alot

  13. Anshu kumar says

    September 25, 2020 at 8:25 am

    Thank you so much . It’s very easy to learn

  14. Anjali sharma says

    November 21, 2020 at 6:12 pm

    Nicely explained

  15. surelysure says

    January 13, 2021 at 12:55 pm

    helped me!!!!

  16. J@@nK @$hif@ says

    February 8, 2021 at 3:34 pm

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  17. Abhay says

    July 11, 2021 at 6:33 am

    Thanks a lot it is very helpfull

  18. Het Anghan says

    August 14, 2021 at 9:24 am

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  19. rock Z999 says

    September 14, 2021 at 5:57 pm

    very well explained
    Thank you..

  20. Payal says

    October 17, 2021 at 2:22 pm

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  21. Dhanyasri Madhan says

    November 20, 2021 at 10:00 pm

    Very helpful. Thanks a lot

  22. Jasmine says

    June 8, 2022 at 1:00 pm

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  23. Yashasvi says

    June 15, 2022 at 4:47 pm

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  24. Adhav.V says

    January 14, 2025 at 11:25 am

    I felt very tough for me to learn heart question. I didnt properly listen to my teacher and felt this very tough. When i was searching for notes i found this website and I would tag this the best notes and very easy. Once i went through this notes i easily understood the concept. Thank you so much for such a easy notes. In guides and ncert it was very big and tough but this one is very small and easy.

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