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You are here: Home / Class 10 / How do organism Reproduce / Sexual Reproduction in Flowering Plants

Sexual Reproduction in Flowering Plants

Last Updated on May 4, 2020 By Mrs Shilpi Nagpal 18 Comments

Question 1 What are angiosperm?

Question 2 Name the sex organs in plants?

Question 3 Name the various parts of flower?

Question 4 Mention the reproductive parts of a flower?

Question 5 What is pollination?

Question 6 Define cross pollination?

Question 7 What are unisexual flowers.Give example?

Question 8 What are bisexual flowers.Give example?

Question 9 Describe double fertilisation in plants?

Question 10 Explain the formation of seed and fruit?

Question 11 What is self pollination?

Question 12 Name the two parts of stamen?

Question 13 Name the 3 parts of carpel?

Contents

  • 1 Sexual Reproduction in Flowering Plants
  • 2 Stamen has 2 parts
  • 3 Carpel has 3 parts
  • 4 Pollination
  • 5 Fertilisation
  • 6 Formation of Fruit and Seeds

Sexual Reproduction in Flowering Plants

Sexual reproduction in flower

The plants in which the sex organs are carried within the flower and seeds are enclosed in a fruit called angiosperms.

The sex organs of plants are in its flowers. Majority of plants are bisexual having male and female reproductive organ in same plant.

The male organ of flower called Stamen makes male gametes(pollen grains)


The female organ of flower called carpel makes female gamete.These gametes are present in ovules are called ova or egg.

The male gamete present in pollen grains fertilise with female gametes present in ovules.The fertilised egg grow within ovules and become seeds.The seed produce new plants on germinate.

The main parts of plant are Receptacle,Sepals,petals,Stamen,Carpel.

The base of flower to which all the parts of a flower are attached is called receptacle.

The green leaf like part in the outer circle of flower are called sepals.The function of sepals is to protect the flower in its initial stage when it is in the form of a bud.

The colourful parts of a flower are called petals.

All the petals taken together are called corolla.The petals are usually scented.

The little stalks with swollen tops just inside the ring of petals in a flower are called Stamens.

Stamen has 2 parts

1) Filament(Stalk)
2) Anther(Swollen top)
Anther makes pollen grains and store them(pollen grains are yellow,powder like substances)
In the centre of flower,there is flask shaped organ called carpel.

Carpel has 3 parts

1) Stigma (Top part,receive pollen grains from anther,sticky)
2) Style (Middle part,it is tube which connect stigma to ovary)
3) Ovary (Swollen part at the bottom,it makes ovules and store them,contain female gametes)

The flower which contain only one sex organ either stamen or carpel are called unisexual flower.
For Example : Papaya,Watermelon.

The flower which has both sex organs are called bisexual flowers.
For Example : Rose,mustard

Pollination

The transfer of pollen grains from anther of stamen to stigma of carpel is called pollination.
It is done by insects,birds,wind,water

When pollen grains from anther of a flower are transferred to stigma of same flower or another flower on same plant is called self-pollination.

When pollen grains from anther of a flower on one plant are transferred to stigma of flower on another similar plant is called cross-pollination.

Fertilisation

It occur when male gamete present in pollen grain joins the female gamete or egg present in ovule.

1) When pollen grains fall on the stigma of carpel,it burst open and grows a pollen tube downwards through the style towards female gamete in ovary.
2) A male gamete moves down the pollen tube.The pollen tube enters the ovule in ovary.The tip of pollen tube bursts open and male gamete comes out of pollen tube.In ovary,male gamete of pollen combine with nucleus of female gamete or egg present in ovule to form a fertilised egg(Zygote)

Formation of Fruit and Seeds

1) The zygote divide several times to form an embryo within the ovule.
2) The ovule develops a tough coat around it and gradually converted into a seed.
3) The ovary grows rapidly and ripens to form a fruit(with seed inside it)
4) The other part of flower like sepals,petals,stamen,stigma,style dry up and fall off.
5) The place on plant where we had flower,we now have a fruit.A fruit protect the seed.
6) The seed contain a baby plant.
7) The part of baby in seed which develops into shoot is called plumule and part which develops into root is called radicle.

The part of seed which contain stored food for baby plant is called cotyledon.

The baby plant present inside a seed is in an inactive form,but when it gets suitable conditions to germinate it forms new plant out of seed.

Filed Under: Class 10, How do organism Reproduce Tagged With: angiosperms, anther, bisexual flower, carpel, corolla, cotyledon, cross-pollination, egg, fertilisation, filament, flowers, formation of fruit, formation of seed, ova, ovary, petals, plumule, pollination, radicle, receptacle, seed, self-pollination, sepals, stalk, stamen, stigma, style, unisexual flower, zygote

About Mrs Shilpi Nagpal

Author of this website, Mrs Shilpi Nagpal is MSc (Hons, Chemistry) and BSc (Hons, Chemistry) from Delhi University, B.Ed (I. P. University) and has many years of experience in teaching. She has started this educational website with the mindset of spreading Free Education to everyone.

Reader Interactions

Comments

  1. Rishitha says

    November 4, 2018 at 2:57 pm

    This notes is very nice,it is very useful to all the 10th class students

    Reply
  2. Rayapa Reddy says

    November 4, 2018 at 3:00 pm

    It’s very important for me to study

    Reply
  3. Rishitha says

    November 4, 2018 at 3:03 pm

    It’s really really very good to understand that you sir keep very nice topic

    Reply
  4. Yamya sharma says

    December 25, 2018 at 8:17 pm

    Nice….

    Reply
    • divjot says

      January 12, 2019 at 2:01 pm

      right

      Reply
  5. Divjot kaur says

    January 12, 2019 at 2:00 pm

    Its really good.

    Reply
  6. Divjot says

    January 12, 2019 at 2:01 pm

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    September 6, 2019 at 9:20 pm

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    Reply
  8. Joga rao says

    December 2, 2019 at 7:08 pm

    I liked it

    Reply
  9. Vidhi says

    February 12, 2020 at 7:12 pm

    Helped me thanks.

    Reply
  10. fdvdv says

    September 17, 2020 at 5:15 pm

    very clear and useful job. thanks

    Reply
  11. Aryan Singh says

    September 23, 2020 at 12:02 am

    It helped me a lot. I tried the notes of byjus and vedantu but I was not satisfied with it but your notes are straight to the point. Thank you ma’am may God keeps you healthy and fit.

    Reply
  12. Ranveer Kamble says

    November 1, 2020 at 9:37 am

    Thank you mam. You did a great job for us.
    Thank you again.

    Reply
  13. Janani. M says

    January 26, 2021 at 11:42 am

    Thus is very useful for me to complete my classworks and also to prepare for my examination…thank u so much

    Reply
  14. dandanaka don says

    February 11, 2021 at 1:16 pm

    thank you mam
    your notes helped me a alot

    Reply
  15. Ashi pandey says

    March 9, 2021 at 10:19 pm

    It’s a great job mam
    thanks a lot

    Reply
  16. Astha Soni says

    March 13, 2021 at 2:45 pm

    These notes are very very very much helpful for me because i was confused in this particular topic only and by reading these notes my confusion is now cleared.

    Reply
  17. KRiShna says

    March 16, 2021 at 2:09 pm

    Very Nice Notes !!!!!!!!!

    Reply

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