Silicon dioxide is known as Silica , SiO2. 95 % of the earth crust is made up of silica and silicates. It occurs in several crystallographic forms , namely , quartz , cristobalite and tridymite. These crystalline forms are interconvertible at suitable temperature. Structure Silicon dioxide is covalent , three- dimensional network solid in which each silicon atom is … [Read more...] about Silicon Dioxide, Silica
Chemistry
Carbon dioxide
Preparation 1) It is prepared by burning carbon, fossil fuels and other organic compounds in excess of air or oxygen. C (s) + O2 (g) -------> CO2 (g) C5H12 (g) + 8 O2 (g) --------> 5 CO2 (g) + 6 H2O (g) 2) In the laboratory , it is prepared by the action of dilute acids on carbonates. CaCO3 + 2 HCl -------> CaCl2 + CO2 + H2O 3) Commercially , CO2 is … [Read more...] about Carbon dioxide
Carbon Monoxide
Preparation 1) It is formed by incomplete combustion of carbon and carbon containing fuels. 2 C + O2 ------> 2 CO This type of incomplete combustion occurs during burning of petrol or diesel in automobile and therefore CO is always present in automobile exhausts. It is also present in volcanic gases and gases coming out of furnaces. 2) In the laboratory , pure … [Read more...] about Carbon Monoxide
Chemical Properties of Carbon Family
Oxidation State (1) Oxidation state of Carbon The general valence shell electronic configuration of elements of group 14 is ns2 np2 where n is the number of outermost principal shell. These elements can attain inert gas configuration either by losing or gaining 4 electrons forming M4+ or M4- ions. The C4+ ion does not exist firstly because it is a highly charged species … [Read more...] about Chemical Properties of Carbon Family
Physical Properties Of Carbon Family
Group 14 include Carbon (C), Silicon (Si), Germanium(Ge), tin(Sn), lead(Pb) and ununquadium (uuq) which is radioactive. Occurrence Carbon is the 17th most abundant element by weight in the earth crust. It occurs in the native state in form of coal ,graphite and diamond. In combined state it occurs widely as metal carbonates, hydrocarbons ,carbohydrates and carbon … [Read more...] about Physical Properties Of Carbon Family