Class 8

Important Terms Cartridges : A casing fitted with a bullet. Firangi : Term used for foreigners as contempt. Ghazis : An Arabic term which refers to a person who participates in military expeditions. Mutiny : Revolt or rebellion against constituted authority, especially by sailors and armed personal against their officers. Paramount : Supreme; more important … [Read more...] about History Chapter 5 When People Rebel 1857 and After – Notes & Study Material

Important Terms Akhara : Wrestling ground. Bewar : A term used for shifting cultivation in Madhya Pradesh. Dikus : Dikus were the outsiders who visited Munda lands. These people included British officials, Hindu landlords, moneylenders and traders. Fallow Land: Land which is left uncultivated for some time so that the soil regains its fertility. Hul : The term … [Read more...] about History Chapter 4 Tribals, Dikus and the Vision of a Golden Age – Notes & Study Material

Important Terms Amani : The person appointed by the government in the south to collect land revenue was called Amani. Bigha : Bigha was a unit of measurement of land prior to British rule in India. It was not uniform. Two ploughs were required to cultivate one bigha. Britishers standardised the measurement in the province of Bengal. Commercial Crops : Crops which are … [Read more...] about History Chapter 3 Ruling The Countryside – Notes & Study Material

Know the Terms Confederacy : An alliance. Dharmashastras: Sanskrit texts prescribing social rules and codes of behaviour, composed from 500 BCE onwards. Diwani : The right of revenue collection was known as Diwani. Farman: A Farman is a royal edict or a royal order granting some permission. The Mughal emperor Aurangzeb issued a farman granting the company the … [Read more...] about History Chapter 2 From Trade to Territory : The Company Establishes Power – Notes & Study Material

Know the Terms Administration : The management of public affairs; government. Archives : Collection of historical documents or records providing information about a place, institution or group of people. Contemporary: It refers to the present or modern period or belonging to the present time. Colonization : The action or process of settling among and establishing … [Read more...] about History Chapter 1 How, When and Where – Notes & Study Material