| Reference Book | Collins Revised English Grammar and Composition Class 7 |
| Chapter Number | Chapter 19 |
| Chapter Name | Clauses |
Let’s Get Started (Page 118)
Complete these sentences according to the instructions.
1. I like chocolate because it is very tasty. (use because)
2. Rahul will do his homework when he returns from the tennis practice. (use when)
3. Diwali is the time when people send gifts to relatives and friends. (use when)
4. I have a friend who sings very well. (use who)
5. I started going to the school which is nearer to my house. (use which)
A. Write whether the italicized words are Phrases (P) or Clauses (C). (Page 118)
1. The boss invited all the employees for lunch on Saturday. (Phrase)
2. The tiger was hungry because it had not eaten in days. (Clause)
3. Rohan could not attend the party because of his ill health. (Phrase)
4. All school will be closed on Wednesday due to heavy rains. (Phrase)
5. Opening the gate, John let the visitors into the compound. (Phrase)
6. It’s sad that our security guard has to retire next year. (Clause )
7. Riding through the waves seems like a lot of fun. (Phrase)
8. Until you try new food, you can’t say whether you like it or not. (Clause )
B. Underline the subordinate clauses and circle the main clauses in these sentences. (Page 119)
1) We have twenty new students who have joined our class this year.
2) The man who called didn’t leave a message.
3) Sanjana’s mother refused to buy the shoes since they were expensive.
4) Vineet likes to read stories which are humorous.
5) As she was not at home , I couldn’t invite her for the party.
6) I waited for him until he finished his piano lessons.
7) I don’t know if she’ll be a good team player.
8) If you eat too much ice cream you may fall sick.
| Main Clause | Subordinate Clause |
| 1. We have twenty new students | who have joined our class this year. |
| 2. The man didn’t leave a message | who called |
| 3. Sanjana’s mother refused to buy the shoes | since they were expensive. |
| 4. Vineet likes to read stories | which are humorous. |
| 5. I couldn’t invite her for the party. | As she was not at home |
| 6. I waited for him | until he finished his piano lessons. |
| 7. I don’t know | if she’ll be a good team player. |
| 8. you may fall sick. | If you eat too much ice cream |
C. Underline the adjective clause in each sentence and circle the noun it qualifies. (Page 119)
1) He is the man who met with an accident last night.
2) These days it is hard to find people who are honest and sincere.
3) The girl who played the last song is my neighbour.
4) The route which we took was scenic.
5) My aunt who lives nearby took me shopping.
6) This is the same advertisement which has been playing on TV since I was a child.
7) The city in which I grew is huge.
8) Maria has a cat which follows her everywhere.
| Adjective Clause | Noun it qualifies |
| 1. who met with an accident last night. | The man |
| 2. who are honest and sincere | people |
| 3. who played the last song | The girl |
| 4. which we took | The route |
| 5. who lives nearby | My aunt |
| 6. which has been playing on TV | The advertisement |
| 7. in which I grew up | The city |
| 8. which follows her everywhere | A cat |
D. Rewrite the sentences by changing the italicized adjective phrases into adjective clauses. Use who, which or that. (Page 121)
1. Hampi is an ancient city of great historical importance.
1. Hampi is an ancient city which is of great historical importance.
2. All teachers appreciate intelligent and obedient students.
2. All teachers appreciate students who are intelligent and obedient.
3. The man talking to Manyata is her father.
3. The man who is talking to Manyata is her father.
4. The umbrella with the broken handle is mine.
4. The umbrella which has the broken handle is mine.
5. Mrs Kumar was the only teacher in charge of the nursery students.
5. Mrs Kumar was the only teacher who was in charge of the nursery students.
6. This is a large class consisting of over 40 students.
6. This is a large class which consists of over 40 students.
7. Mr Nicholas, our Physics teacher, lives near the school.
7. Mr Nicholas, who is our Physics teacher, lives near the school.
8. The lost papers are not really needed for the project.
8. The papers which are lost are not really needed for the project.
E. Complete the sentences with suitable adjective clauses. Use who, which or that. (Page 121)
1. The bus which you take everyday has already left.
2. Anil, who was sick, could not take the interview.
3. Moni gets angry with people who are irresponsible.
4. The peacock unfurled its tail, which was beautiful, as it walked towards the peahen.
5. The little girl who is giving the speech is my friend’s sister.
6. Sunny Pawar is the boy who won the gold medal for swimming.
7. Magazine which was all torn up, arrived yesterday evening.
8. Mrs Jalal is the lady who helps everyone in our apartment.
F. Underline the adverb clause in each sentence and mention what type it is. (Page 123)
1. You can sit here till you finish your work.
1. till you finish your work – time
2. You should finish all your work, even if you are tired.
2. even if you are tired – condition
3. Can you tell me where I can buy sports shoes?
3. where I can buy sports shoes? – place
4. I haven’t exercised for the two two weeks because I’m lazy.
4. because I’m lazy – reason
5. Even though she was tired, she went for her son’s concert.
5. Even though she was tired – condition
6. If you don’t finish your food, you won’t get any dessert.
6. If you don’t finish your food – condition
7. Varun can reach the book rack because he is taller than Minty.
7. because he is taller than Minty – reason
8. While you were out, I did your chores for you.
8. While you were out – time
G. Rewrite the sentences replacing the italicized adverb phrases with adverb clauses. (Page 123)
1. On seeing the teacher approach the class, the student fell silent.
1. When they saw the teacher approach the class, the students fell silent.
2. While driving to the park, Jimmy saw a homeless man on the road.
2. While he was driving to the park, Jimmy saw a homeless man on the road.
3. After buying the potted plant, Samantha felt like buying two more.
3. After she bought the potted plant, Samantha felt like buying two more.
4. Before the beginning of the school year, John and his sister went to visit their grandparents.
4. Before the school year began, John and his sister went to visit their grandparents.
5. Since moving to Hyderabad, Harsha has begun to enjoy Irani tea.
5. Since he moved to Hyderabad, Harsha has begun to enjoy Irani tea.
6. Having exercised for two hours, I felt fit.
6. After I exercised for two hours, I felt fit.
7. Being early, Shruti got the best seats in the theatre.
7. Since she was early, Shruti got the best seats in the theatre.
8. Before stepping onto the stage, Srinivas said a prayer.
8. Before he stepped onto the stage, Srinivas said a prayer.
H. Underline the noun clauses in these sentences. (Page 124)
1. We should realize that it is never too late to correct our mistakes.
2. It is true that he always treats his staff courteously.
3. Lauren told me that she would pick up the snacks.
4. Please tell me who sent the email to the whole class.
5. Whoever is the first one to come to class must open the windows.
6. What the judges said made the contestant cry.
7. Their excuse was that they didn’t receive the notice.
8. I am not sure whether we should leave the forest guest house after dark.
I. Rewrite the sentences after changing the italicized noun phrases into noun clauses. (Page 124)
1. The zoo director fully understood the need for additional staff.
1. The zoo director fully understood that there was a need for additional staff.
2. My friend always lays stress on the importance of physical exercise.
2. My friend always lays stress that physical exercise is important.
3. No one can guess the size of her shoe.
3. No one can guess what size her shoe is.
4. I know Michael to be loyal man.
4. I know that Michael is a loyal man.
5. Kohli is confident of wining the series.
5. Kohli is confident that he will win the series.
5. Kindly show him where to put his bags.
6. Kindly show him where he should put his bags.
6. Hima and Raj should find out what to do first.
7. Hima and Raj should find out what they should do first.
8. Do you know what to buy?
8. Do you know what you want to buy?
J. Underline the clauses in the sentences and identify what type they are.
1. The house that I live in belongs to my father. (Adjective Clause)
2. The boy who is sitting near me is my cousin. (Adjective Clause)
3. I am sure that I will get a good rank. (Noun Clause)
4. I thought that it would be a fine day. (Noun Clause)
5. Ram, who worked very hard in class, has won a scholarship. (Adjective Clause)
6. I will give you a map so that you can find your way. (Adverb Clause)
7. Shreya speaks better than she writes. (Adverb Clause)
8. Don’t make noise while she is singing. (Adverb Clause)
K. Identify the type of the underlined clause in each sentence. Then, change the clause to its corresponding phrase and write the sentences. (Page 124)
1. He remembers the year when there was a devastating flood.
1. when there was a devastating flood – adverb clause of time
He remembers the year of a devastating flood.
2. The soldiers believed that their commander was courageous.
2. that their commander was courageous – noun clause
The soldiers believed in the courage of their commander.
3. Whoever is the owner of this book should take it from the staff room.
3. Whoever is the owner of this book – noun clause
The owner of this book should take it from the staff room.
4. He was unhappy because he had failed to keep the promise.
4. because he had failed to keep the promise – adverb clause of reason
He was unhappy because of his failure to keep the promise.
5. I hired the taxi which was waiting on the Kerb.
5. which was waiting on the kerb – adjective clause
I hired the taxi waiting on the kerb.
6. Come on our house at any time you want.
6. at any time you want – adverb clause of time
Come to our house at any time of your choice.
7. They behaved as responsible people do during the difficult situation.
7. as responsible people do – adverb clause of manner
They behaved in a responsible way during the difficult situation.
8. Everyone had to knock on the door because the doorbell was malfunctioning.
8. because the doorbell was malfunctioning – adverb clause of reason
Everyone had to knock on the door because of the malfunctioning doorbell.
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