Question 1 How would Maya’s life be different in South Africa today?
Answer South Africa is a free country. Maya can travel without any discrimination, visit hotels and restaurants , can use hospitals , walk freely in the park and has no fear of police. All have equal rights.
Question 2 What are the various ways in which people participate in the process of government?
Answer People participate in the process of government through the following various ways:
(1) By taking interest in the working of the government.
(2) By criticising the government on various unpopular issues.
(3) By taking out rallies.
(4) By holding signature campaigns.
(5) By writing letters to editors.
(6) By participating in debates on television.
Question 3 Why do you think we need the government to find solutions to many disputes or conflicts?
Answer We need the government to find solutions to many disputes and conflicts because if it would not be there the conflicts will never resolve and these conflicts will take the shape of violence which can cause damage to life and property. Government has to compensate people who are killed, wounded or whose properties are destroyed in violent incidents. So people should not be left over without government’s interference.
Question 4 What actions does the government take to ensure that all people are treated equally?
Answer The government takes the following actions to ensure that all people are treated equally:
(1) It makes laws and enforces them to abolish all sorts of discrimination. All the citizens are equal on the basis of caste , religion , gender and economic status.
(2) It makes provisions to provide equal facilities to all classes of people, promotion of education among girls, and economically backward. They are given reservation in government jobs and colleges.
(3) Any act of discrimination against against the untouchability is punishable according to the law.
Question 5 Read through the chapter and discuss some of the key ideas of a democratic government. Make a list. For example, all people are equal.
Answer
(1) Equality and justice.
(2) Ban on untouchability.
(3) No discrimination on the basis of caste, creed and sex.
(4) Boys and girls are equal.
(5) No discrimination against anyone.