Chapter 11 Transportation in Animals and Plants

Class 7 Science Chapter 11 |
Transportation in Animals and Plants NCERT Solutions

Question 1. Match structures given in Column I with functions given in Column II.
        Column I                  Column II
(i) Stomata           (a) Absorption of water
(ii) Xylem               (b) Transpiration
(iii) Root hairs       (c) Transport of food
(iv) Phloem           (d) Transport of water
                                (e) Synthesis of carbohydrates

Answer 1

Column I                Column II

(i) Stomata            (b) Transpiration

(ii) Xylem              (d) Transport of water

(iii) Root hairs       (a) Absorption of water

(iv) Phloem           (c) Transport of food

Question 2. Fill in the blanks.
(i) The blood from the heart is transported to all parts of the body by the_____ .
(ii) Haemoglobin is present in _____ cells.
(iii) Arteries and veins are joined by a network of ______ .
(iv) The rhythmic expansion and contraction of the heart is called______ .
(v) The main excretory product in human beings is ______________ .
(vi) Sweat contains water and _______________ .
(vii) Kidneys eliminate the waste materials in the liquid form called ____________ .
(viii) Water reaches great heights in the trees because of suction pull caused by ______________.

Answer 2

(i) The blood from the heart is transported to all parts of the body by the arteries.

(ii) Haemoglobin is present in red blood cells.

(iii) Arteries and veins are joined by a network of capillaries.

(iv) The rhythmic expansion and contraction of the heart is called heartbeat.

(v) The main excretory product in human beings is urea.

(vi) Sweat contains water and salt.

(vii) Kidneys eliminate the waste materials in the liquid form called urine.

(viii) Water reaches great heights in the trees because of suction pull caused by transpiration.

Question 3. Choose the correct option:

(a) In plants, water is transported through
(i) xylem
(ii) phloem
(iii) stomata
(iv) root hair

a) xylem.

(b) Water absorption through roots can be increased by keeping the plants
(i) in the shade
(ii) in dim light
(iii) under the fan
(iv) covered with a polythene bag

b) under the fan.

Question 4. Why is transport of materials necessary in a plant or in an animal? Explain.

Answer 4 Every cell of plants and animals needs nutrients and oxygen for performing various metabolic activities.Different types of waste products are created during these metabolic activities.Transport of materials is necessary to supply the required substances and to remove the waste products.

Question 5. What will happen if there are no platelets in the blood?

Answer 5 Platelets help in clotting of blood.If there are no platelets, then there would no clotting in case of an injury. This will lead to excess blood loss and finally in death of the person.

Question 6. What are stomata? Give two functions of stomata.

Answer 6 The small opening at the surface of  leaves are called as stomata.

The function of stomata are:

1) It helps in the exchange of gases.

2) It helps in loss of excess of water( Transpiration)

Question 7. Does transpiration serve any useful function in the plants? Explain.

Answer 7 Transpiration creates the transpiration pull, which is responsible for the rise of water to great heights in tall plants and other trees.It helps in the distribution of water throughout the plant body.

Question 8. What are the components of blood?

Answer 8 The main components of blood are:

1) Plasma is the main component of blood and consists mostly of water, with proteins, ions, nutrients, and wastes mixed in.

2) Red blood cells are responsible for carrying oxygen and carbon dioxide.

3)Platelets are responsible for blood clotting.

4)White blood cells are part of the immune system and fight against germs that may enter our body.

Question 9. Why is blood needed by all the parts of a body?

Answer 9 Blood is needed by all parts of a body because:

1) It carries digested food to the other parts of body.

2) It carries oxygen from the lungs to the cells of the body.

3) It also transports waste for removal from the body.

4) It helps to maintain constant body temperature.

5) WBC in the blood provides immunity.

Question 10. What makes the blood look red?

Answer 10 The blood looks red due to the presence of red coloured pigment called haemoglobin.

Question 11. Describe the function of the heart.

Answer 11 The heart has four compartments called chambers. The upper two chambers are called right and left atrium. The lower two chambers are called right and left ventricle. The heart pumps the deoxygenated blood to the lungs for oxygenation and receives oxygenated blood from lungs. It pumps the oxygenated blood to different parts of the body. Right atrium receives the deoxygenated blood from the body. Blood from right atrium enters the right and ventricle, which contracts and pumps the blood to lungs. Then oxygen rich blood from the lungs enter the left atrium. Then blood enters the left ventricle. Then it is pumped to all the body parts.

Question 12. Why is it necessary to excrete waste products?

Answer 12 Waste products are formed during various metabolic activities.These waste products are toxic to body and therefore need to be excreted out.

Question 13. Draw a diagram of the human excretory system and label the various parts.

Answer 13