Covalent Bonding

Question 1 What is covalent bonding?

Question 2 What are covalent molecules?

Question 3 What is single covalent bond?

Question 4 What is double covalent bond?

Question 5 What is triple covalent bond?

Question 6 Define the term covalency?

Question 7 What are monovalent molecules. Give example?

Question 8 What are divalent molecules. Give example?

Question 9 What are trivalent molecules. Give example?

Contents

1 Covalent Bonding
- 1.1 Types of Covalent Bond
2 Covalency

The chemical bond formed by the sharing of an electron pair between two atoms so that both the atoms get their octet complete is called covalent bond.

The molecules formed as a result of sharing of electron between two atoms are called as covalent molecules.

Types of Covalent Bond

1) Single covalent bond : It is formed by sharing of 1 electron pair between 2 atoms in which each atom contribute 1 electron.

2) Double covalent bond : It is formed by sharing of 2 electron pair between 2 atoms in which each atom contribute 2 electron.

3) Triple covalent bond : It is formed by sharing of 3 electron pair between 2 atoms in which each atom contribute 3 electron.

Covalency

The number of electrons which an atom of the element shares with other atoms in the formation of covalent molecule.

For Example :

In the molecule H₂and Cl_{2 ,} the covalency is 1.They are monovalent molecules.

In molecules O₂ covalency is 2 .They are covalent molecules.

In molecule N₂covalency is 3.They are trivalent molecule.